sic itur ad astra

               Article 282:  Grave Threats  |  Criminal Law Facts: As punong barangay of Mampas, Bacong, Negros Oriental, petitioner Santiago Paera  allocated his constituents’ use of communal water coming from a communal tank by limiting distribution to the residents of Mampas, Bacong. The tank sits on a land located in the neighboring barangay of Mampas, Valencia and owned by complainant Vicente Darong , father of complainant Indalecio Darong . Despite petitioner’s scheme, Indalecio continued drawing water from the tank. On 7 April 1999, petitioner reminded Indalecio of the water distribution scheme and cut Indalecio’s access. The following day, petitioner inspected the tank after constituents complained of water supply interruption. Petitioner discovered a tap from the main line which he promptly disconnected. To stem the flow of water from the ensuing leak, petitioner, using a borrowed bolo, fashioned a wooden plug. It was...

              Article 282:  Grave Threats  |  Criminal Law Facts: Ronnie Caluag and Jesus Sentillas was found guilty of slight physical injuries and Ronnie Caluag guilty of grave threats. In the afternoon of March 19, 2000, around 4 o’clock in the afternoon, Nestor learned that two of his guests from an earlier drinking spree were mauled. At that time, Caluag and Sentillas were drinking at the store owned by the son of Sentillas. When Nestor inquired from several people including his own son Raymond what happened, Caluag butted in and replied, "Bakit kasama ka ba roon?," and immediately boxed him without warning. Nestor retaliated but he was overpowered by Caluag and Sentillas. Julia saw Caluag and Sentillas box her husband. Although she tried to pacify them, they did not listen to her. To avoid his assailants, Nestor ran to his house. Julia followed him. At around 6:00 p.m., Nestor told his wife to report the boxing incident to the...